{"id":9735,"date":"2018-03-13T22:54:46","date_gmt":"2018-03-13T14:54:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzI3NjUzOTM1Mg==&#038;mid=100003872&#038;idx=1&#038;sn=a4f883a5b3b4b8428a6d10bba73b4736&#038;chksm=6b72a2975c052b81b20e012f73bd4aedcc44378901d12f669dee060aee1dbf8df759a0425d87#rd"},"modified":"2026-04-09T09:27:27","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T01:27:27","slug":"545053-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/index.php\/2018\/03\/13\/545053-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4ece150\u5e74\u524d\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u957f\u8c08\u80bf\u7624\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597 | \u767e\u5bb6\u8c0803\u671f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- wechat_content_hash: 6259bc95417039ce --><\/p>\n<div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\">\n<figure class=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/images\/RmFicvQBAkgDEsUia5jbfibMgeRrNibH1ns0NaxVdCMqRl9Bcn0geKXKbn4CByInShB9u6lDPnKmK1nhKxqqiaRaUzQ.gif\" alt=\"RmFicvQBAkgDEsUia5jbfibMgeRrNibH1ns0NaxVdCMqRl9Bcn0geKXKbn4CByInShB9u6lDPnKmK1nhKxqqiaRaUzQ\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\">\n<figure class=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/images\/RmFicvQBAkgBCbSiblWf7OQliaI3xaKuGFp4ZphicLAdWZiadh4lEq0AIL69h5A8ibwYvTvqVibtFGrHwgevbAK7qEicRg.jpeg\" alt=\"RmFicvQBAkgBCbSiblWf7OQliaI3xaKuGFp4ZphicLAdWZiadh4lEq0AIL69h5A8ibwYvTvqVibtFGrHwgevbAK7qEicRg\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<div>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff1a\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u7efc\u8ff0<\/div>\n<div>\u9605\u8bfb\u7528\u65f6\uff1a\u7ea67\u5206\u949f<\/div>\n<div>\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u624b\u672f\u3001\u653e\u7597\u3001\u5316\u7597\u548c\u9776\u5411\u6cbb\u7597\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u7b2c\u4e94\u79cd\u7597\u6cd5\u3002\u672c\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u7bc7\u6587\u732e\u548c\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u68b3\u7406\u764c\u75c7\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u96be\u514d\u6709\u758f\u6f0f\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u7559\u8a00\u6307\u6b63\u8865\u5145\u3002\u56de\u590d\u6587\u7ae0\u7f16\u53f7\u201c400\u201d\u548c\u5c0f\u7f16\u4e92\u52a8\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\u5212\u91cd\u70b9\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>1. \u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u6709\u4f55\u7528\uff1f<\/div>\n<div>2. 150\u5e74\u6765\u73b0\u4ee3\u764c\u75c7\u514d\u75ab\u5b66\u4e2d\u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8868<\/div>\n<div>3. \u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u5982\u4f55\u6cbb\u7597\u764c\u75c7<\/div>\n<div>4. \u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u7ec6\u80de\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u75ab\u82d7\uff0c\u7194\u7624\u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u8fc7\u7ee7\u6027\u7ec6\u80de\u7597\u6cd5\uff0c\u514d\u75ab\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u5242<\/div>\n<div>5. \u8ba8\u8bba\uff1a\u7a81\u53d8\u8d1f\u8377\u3001\u80a0\u9053\u7ec6\u83cc\u3001\u975e\u53d7\u4f53\u914d\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u6311\u6218\u7b49<\/div>\n<div><iframe src=\"https:\/\/v.qq.com\/txp\/iframe\/player.html?vid=a0389nbmryz\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div>\u89c6\u9891\uff0c\u80bf\u7624\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u7b80\u4ecb\uff0c\u6765\u81eaNature Video<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528\uff1f<\/div>\n<div>2017\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u9996\u4e2a\u83b7\u6279\u7684\u9884\u9632\u5bab\u9888\u764cHPV\uff08\u4eba\u4e73\u5934\u7624\u75c5\u6bd2\uff09\u75ab\u82d7\u88ab\u6279\u51c6\u4e0a\u5e02\uff0c\u5373\u845b\u5170\u7d20\u53f2\u514b\uff08GSK\uff09\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u5e0c\u745e\u9002\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u4ece2017\u5e74\u5e95\u52302018\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u6df1\u5733\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77\u7b49\u591a\u5730\u533b\u9662\u76842\u4ef7\u30014\u4ef7HPV\u75ab\u82d7\u5f00\u59cb\u63a5\u79cd\uff0c\u6bcf\u9488\u4ef7\u683c\u5728700\u5143\u4e0a\u4e0b[1]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u63a5\u79cdHPV\u75ab\u82d7\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u514d\u75ab\u7597\u6cd5\u3002\u548c\u4e3b\u52a8\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u6cd5\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u88ab\u52a8\u764c\u75c7\u514d\u75ab\u7597\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u5728\u764c\u75c7\u53d1\u751f\u540e\uff0c\u7528\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u76f8\u5173\u836f\u7269\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u764c\u75c7\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u751f\u6216\u8f6c\u79fb\u7b49\u3002<\/div>\n<div>2015\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c91\u5c81\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u524d\u603b\u7edf\u5361\u7279\u5bf9\u5916\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc76\u4e2a\u591a\u6708\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\uff0cMRI\uff08\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6210\u50cf\uff09\u626b\u63cf\u663e\u793a\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u764c\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u5361\u7279\u7684\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7597\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u624b\u672f+\u653e\u7597+\u514d\u75ab\u7597\u6cd5\uff08PD-1\u6291\u5236\u5242\uff09\u7684\u8054\u5408\u7597\u6cd5\uff1a\u624b\u672f\u5207\u9664\u809d\u810f\u80bf\u7624\uff0c\u653e\u7597\u8111\u90e8\u80bf\u7624\uff0c\u518d\u7528\u514d\u75ab\u7597\u6cd5\u5de9\u56fa\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u514d\u75ab\u7597\u6cd5\u5bf9\u8f6c\u79fb\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4e5f\u770b\u5230PD-1\u6291\u5236\u5242\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u53ef\u63a7\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e90\u5c81\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8001\u5e74\u60a3\u8005 [2]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u5386\u6765\u5df2\u4e45\uff1f<\/div>\n<div>\u4ece150\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u540d\u5fb7\u56fd\u533b\u751fWihelm Busch\u5c06\u4e00\u540d\u4e0d\u80fd\u624b\u672f\u7684\u8089\u7624\u60a3\u8005\u6545\u610f\u611f\u67d3\u4e39\u6bd2\uff08erysipelas\uff09\u53d1\u73b0\u80bf\u7624\u7f29\u5c0f\uff08\u60a3\u8005\u540e\u6765\u5728\u611f\u67d3\u540e\u6b7b\u53bb\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5230\u8fd1\u4e24\u5e74FDA\u6279\u51c6PD-1\u3001PD-L1\u3001CAR-T\u7b49\u514d\u75ab\u7597\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7597\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u3001\u8180\u80f1\u764c\u3001B-\u7ec6\u80de\u6025\u6027\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ec6\u80de\u767d\u8840\u75c5\u7b49\uff0c\u201c\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u201d\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ecf\u8fc7\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u4e00\u7ebf\u4e34\u5e8a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u4f18\u5316[3]\uff0c\u57fa\u56e0\u6167\u6574\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u201c\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u201d\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u6fc0\u6d3b\u4eba\u4f53\u5185\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5bf9\u6297\u764c\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u4e4b\u524d\u8f83\u4e3a\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u9776\u5411\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6291\u5236\u5bf9\u80bf\u7624\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u6765\u76f4\u63a5\u201c\u6740\u654c\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u5219\u662f\u6fc0\u6d3b\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u201c\u6218\u6597\u503c\u201d\u3002\u9776\u5411\u6cbb\u7597\u5373\u662f\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u5316\u7597\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e00\u6837\uff1b\u653e\u7597\u5219\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u4eea\u5668\u6216\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u9ad8\u80fd\u91cf\u5c04\u7ebf\u653b\u51fb\u764c\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5c40\u90e8\u80bf\u7624\u3002\u4ece\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7cbe\u51c6\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u653e\u7597\u548c\u5316\u7597\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u548c\u9776\u5411\u6cbb\u7597\u63a8\u5d07\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\u88681\uff1a\u73b0\u4ee3\u764c\u75c7\u514d\u75ab\u5b66\u4e2d\u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\uff0c1868-2017<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0(\u57fa\u56e0\u6167\u7f16\u8bd1\uff09<\/div>\n<div>\u65f6\u95f4<\/div>\n<div>\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6<\/div>\n<div>\u53d1\u73b0\u6216\u6210\u679c<\/div>\n<div>1868<\/div>\n<div>Wilhelm Busch<\/div>\n<div>\u9996\u6b21\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u4e00\u4f8b\u60a3\u8005\u6709\u610f\u611f\u67d3\u4e39\u6bd2\uff08erysipelas\uff09\u540e\u5176\u80bf\u7624\u663e\u7740\u7f29\u5c0f[4]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1883<\/div>\n<div>Elie Metchnikoff<\/div>\n<div>\u53d1\u73b0\u9752\u86d9\u4f53\u5185\u7684\u541e\u566c\u7ec6\u80de\uff08\u5de8\u566c\u7ec6\u80de\uff09[5]; 1908\u5e74\u83b7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1890<\/div>\n<div>Emil von Behring\u548cKitasatoShibasabur\u014d<\/div>\n<div>\u53d1\u73b0\u6297\u4f53\uff08\u767d\u5589\u548c\u7834\u4f24\u98ce\uff09 1901\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956[6]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1891<\/div>\n<div>William Coley<\/div>\n<div>\u4e3a\u764c\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u6ce8\u5c04\u4e86\u7ec6\u83cc\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8bb8\u591a\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u80bf\u7624\u6d88\u9000[7]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1895<\/div>\n<div>Jules Bordet<\/div>\n<div>\u53d1\u73b0\u8865\u4f53\uff08complement\uff09; 1919\u5e74\u83b7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956[8]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1897-1901<\/div>\n<div>Paul Ehrlich<\/div>\n<div>\u53d1\u5e03\u6297\u4f53\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u7684\u201c\u4fa7\u94fe\u201d\u7406\u8bba\uff08\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u514d\u75ab\uff0c\u81ea\u8eab\u514d\u75ab\uff09\uff1b 1908\u5e74\u83b7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956[9]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1901<\/div>\n<div>Karl Landsteiner<\/div>\n<div>\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7bABO\u8840\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u53caRh\u8840\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1b1930\u5e74\u83b7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956[10]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1901-1908<\/div>\n<div>Carl Jensen\u548cLeo Loeb<\/div>\n<div>\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u5c0f\u9f20\u79fb\u690d\u80bf\u7624\u7684\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94[11,12]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1914<\/div>\n<div>Clarence Little<\/div>\n<div>\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u80bf\u7624\u6392\u65a5\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u57fa\u7840[13]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1909-1920<\/div>\n<div>Leonell Strong\u548cClarence Little<\/div>\n<div>\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u8fd1\u4ea4\u7cfb\u5c0f\u9f20[14]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1948<\/div>\n<div>P.Gorer\uff0cS.Lyman\u548cG.Snell<\/div>\n<div>\u9996\u6b21\u62a5\u9053\u7ec4\u7ec7\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u6297\u539f\u662f\u79fb\u690d\u6392\u65a5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0cG. \u00a0Snell,B. Benacerraf \u548cJ. Dausset \u83b71980\u5e74\u8bfa\u5956[15]<\/div>\n<div>1955<\/div>\n<div>N. Jerne<\/div>\n<div>\u63d0\u51fa\u81ea\u6297\u4f53\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u7406\u8bba\uff0c1984\u5e74\u83b7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956[16]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1956<\/div>\n<div>R.Billingham\uff0cL.Brent\u548cP.Medawar<\/div>\n<div>\u53d1\u73b0\u83b7\u5f97\u6027\u514d\u75ab\u8010\u53d7\u6027\u3002\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u4e8e1960\u5e74\u6388\u4e88Medawar\u548cF. Burnet[17,18]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1957<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0Richmond Prehn\u548cJoan Main<\/div>\n<div>\u62a5\u9053\u79fb\u690d\u7684\u540c\u57fa\u56e0\u80bf\u7624\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u6392\u65a5\u53cd\u5e94[19]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1957<\/div>\n<div>Alick Isaacs\u548cJean Lindenmann<\/div>\n<div>\u5e72\u6270\u7d20\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u8d4b\u4e88\u75c5\u6bd2\u5e72\u6270\u7279\u6027\u7684\u56e0\u7d20[20]\uff0c\u5176\u6297\u767d\u8840\u75c5\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e1984\u5e74\u62a5\u9053\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1959<\/div>\n<div>Lewis Thomas\u548cF. Macfarlane Burnet<\/div>\n<div>\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u764c\u75c7\u514d\u75ab\u76d1\u89c6\u5b66\u8bf4\u201d[21-23]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1959<\/div>\n<div>Gerald Edelmann\u548cRodney Porter<\/div>\n<div>\u53d1\u73b0\u6297\u4f53\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c1972\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956[24-27]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1959<\/div>\n<div>Lloyd Old\uff0cDonald Clark\u548cBaruj Benacerraf<\/div>\n<div>\u62a5\u9053BCG\uff08\u5361\u4ecb\u82d7\uff09\u5728\u5c0f\u9f20\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6297\u80bf\u7624\u4f5c\u7528[28]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1973<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0Ralph Steinman\u548cZanvil Cohn<\/div>\n<div>\u9996\u6b21\u63cf\u8ff0\u6811\u7a81\u72b6\u7ec6\u80de[29]\u3002Steinman\u57282011\u5e74\u8363\u83b7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1974<\/div>\n<div>Peter Doherty\u548cRolf Zinkernagel<\/div>\n<div>\u9996\u6b21\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u7ec6\u80de\u4ecb\u5bfc\u514d\u75ab\u7684\u7279\u5f02\u6027[30,31]; \u00a01996\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1975<\/div>\n<div>George Koehler\u548cCaesar Milstein<\/div>\n<div>\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u5355\u514b\u9686\u6297\u4f53[32,33]\uff1b1984\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1976<\/div>\n<div>Susumu Tonegawa<\/div>\n<div>\u53d1\u73b0\u6297\u4f53\u591a\u6837\u6027\u9057\u4f20\u539f\u7406[34\uff0c35]; 1987\u5e74\u83b7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1982<\/div>\n<div>James Allison\uff0cB. McIntyre\u548cD. Bloch<\/div>\n<div>\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86T\u7ec6\u80de\u53d7\u4f53[36]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1984<\/div>\n<div>\/<\/div>\n<div>\u9996\u4f8b\u6bdb\u7ec6\u80de\u767d\u8840\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u83b7\u5f97\u5e72\u6270\u7d20\u5e94\u7b54[37]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1991<\/div>\n<div>Pierre van der Bruggen\u7b49<\/div>\n<div>\u9996\u6b21\u62a5\u9053T\u7ec6\u80de\u8bc6\u522b\u4eba\u7c7b\u80bf\u7624\u6297\u539f[38]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1996<\/div>\n<div>Dana Leach\uff0cMatthew Krummel\u548cJames Allison<\/div>\n<div>\u53d1\u73b0CTLA-4\u963b\u65ad\u6297\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cbb\u7597\u52a8\u7269\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u80bf\u7624[39]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1998<\/div>\n<div>B.Beutler\u7b49<\/div>\n<div>\u53d1\u73b0\u5148\u5929\u514d\u75ab\u6fc0\u6d3b[40]\uff1b2011\u5e74B.Beutler\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u3002<\/div>\n<div>2001<\/div>\n<div>L.J.Old\uff0cR.Schreiber<\/div>\n<div>\u65e0B\u6216T\u7ec6\u80de\u7684Rag2 &#8211; \/ &#8211; \u514d\u75ab\u7f3a\u9677\u5c0f\u9f20\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5bf9\u81ea\u53d1\u548c\u81f4\u764c\u7269\u8bf1\u5bfc\u7684\u80bf\u7624\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u6613\u611f\u6027[41]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>2005<\/div>\n<div>F.Pag\u00e8s\uff0cA.Berger\u7b49<\/div>\n<div>\u53d1\u73b0\u5927\u80a0\u80bf\u7624\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5fc6T\u7ec6\u80de\u9884\u6d4b\u4e34\u5e8a\u7ed3\u679c[42]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>2010<\/div>\n<div>\/<\/div>\n<div>\u81ea\u4f53\u7ec6\u80de\u514d\u75ab\u7597\u6cd5\u7684\u764c\u75c7\u75ab\u82d7\uff08sipuleucel-T\uff09\u88abFDA\u6279\u51c6\u7528\u4e8e\u6cbb\u7597\u8f6c\u79fb\u6027\u65e0\u75c7\u72b6IV\u671f\u524d\u5217\u817a\u764c[44,45]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>2010<\/div>\n<div>W. Qasim\uff0cH. Zhan\u7b49<\/div>\n<div>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6210\u529f\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u56e0\u7f16\u8f91\u7684T\u7ec6\u80de\u6cbb\u7597\u4ebaCD19 +\u6076\u6027\u8840\u6db2\u80bf\u7624[46]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>2011<\/div>\n<div>\/<\/div>\n<div>FDA\u6279\u51c6\u7528\u4e8e\u6cbb\u7597IV\u671f\u9ed1\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u5242CTLA-4\u5355\u6297\uff08ipilimumab\uff09[47]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>2012<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0Doudna\u548cE. Charpentier\u7b49<\/div>\n<div>\u53d1\u73b0CRISPR \/ Cas9\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7f16\u8f91\u65b9\u6cd5[48]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>2013<\/div>\n<div>F.Chang\u7b49<\/div>\n<div>\u9996\u6b21\u5728\u771f\u6838\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528CRISPR \/ Cas9\u6280\u672f[49]<\/div>\n<div>2016<\/div>\n<div>\/<\/div>\n<div>PD-1\u5355\u6297\uff08pembrolizumab\uff09\u88ab\u6279\u51c6\u7528\u4e8e\u6cbb\u7597\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624[50]<\/div>\n<div>2016<\/div>\n<div>M.Halpert\uff0cV.Konduri\u7b49<\/div>\n<div>\u53d1\u73b0\u6811\u7a81\u7ec6\u80deCTLA-4\u5728Th-1\u514d\u75ab\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528[51]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>2016<\/div>\n<div>\/<\/div>\n<div>PD-L1\uff08atezolizumab\uff09\u88ab\u6279\u51c6\u7528\u4e8e\u6cbb\u7597\u8180\u80f1\u764c[52]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>2016<\/div>\n<div>\/<\/div>\n<div>\u57fa\u4e8eCRISPR\u57fa\u56e0\u7f16\u8f91\u6280\u672f\u7684CAR-T\u7ec6\u80de\u6cbb\u7597\u9996\u6b21\u5728\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u6d4b\u8bd5[53]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>2017<\/div>\n<div>\/<\/div>\n<div>\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u5242\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u9176\uff0c\u5432\u54da\u80fa2,3-\u53cc\u52a0\u6c27\u9176IDO1\u6291\u5236\u5242\u7684I \/ IIa\u7814\u7a76\u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u5e94\u7528\u524d\u666f[54]\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u6cbb\u7597\u764c\u75c7\uff1f<\/div>\n<div>\u7b80\u5316\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u201c\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u6b66\u5668\u201d\u5305\u62ec\u5148\u5929\u6027\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u4e24\u79cd\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u5148\u5929\u6027\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6811\u7a81\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u6740\u4f24\u7ec6\u80de\uff08NK\uff09\uff0c\u5de8\u566c\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u55dc\u4e2d\u6027\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u55dc\u9178\u6027\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u55dc\u78b1\u6027\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u80a5\u5927\u7ec6\u80de\u3002 \u5148\u5929\u6027\u514d\u75ab\u7ec6\u80de\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e8b\u5148\u88ab\u6297\u539f\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u5e76\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6297\u5916\u6765\u6297\u539f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf\u3002\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5305\u62ecB\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ec6\u80de\uff0cCD4 +\u8f85\u52a9\u6027T\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ec6\u80de\u548cCD8 +\u7ec6\u80de\u6bd2\u6027T\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ec6\u80de\uff08CTL\uff09\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6297\u539f\u5448\u9012\u7ec6\u80de\uff08APC\uff09\u5bf9\u5176\u6d3b\u5316\u8fdb\u884c\u5448\u9012\u3002 \u9002\u5e94\u6027\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea7\u751f\u6297\u539f\u7279\u5f02\u6027T\u7ec6\u80de\u548cB\u7ec6\u80de\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u6bcf\u5929\u5927\u7ea6\u7ecf\u5386\u8d85\u8fc720,000\u6b21DNA\u635f\u4f24\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7DNA\u4fee\u590d\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u56de\u5f52\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u4fee\u590d\u4e14\u83b7\u5f97\u6076\u6027\u6216\u6f5c\u5728\u6076\u6027\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u80bf\u7624\u514d\u75ab\u76d1\u89c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u6740\u6b7b\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u56e0\u4e3a\u6076\u6027\u7ec6\u80de\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u8d85\u8fc711,000\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7a81\u53d8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8868\u8fbe\u8bb8\u591a\u65b0\u7684\u80bf\u7624\u76f8\u5173\u6297\u539f\uff08TAAs\uff09\u3002 TAA\u5305\u62ec\u7a81\u53d8\u7684\u539f\u764c\u57fa\u56e0\u3001\u80bf\u7624\u6291\u5236\u57fa\u56e0\u3001\u8fc7\u8868\u8fbe\u6216\u5f02\u5e38\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u3001\u80bf\u7624\u6297\u539f\uff0c\u764c\u5468\u6297\u539f\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u7cd6\u8102\u548c\u7cd6\u86cb\u767d\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ec6\u80de\u7c7b\u578b\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u5206\u5316\u6297\u539f\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684TAA\u6216\u5176\u7247\u6bb5\u4ee5\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u7ec4\u7ec7\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\u590d\u5408\u4f53\uff08MHC\uff09\u5206\u5b50\u5448\u73b0\u5728\u7ec6\u80de\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531T\u7ec6\u80de\u6297\u539f\u53d7\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u6297\u539f-MHC\u590d\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6d3b\u5316\u521d\u59cbT\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c31\u6765\u81eaT\u7ec6\u80de\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7684CD28\u53d7\u4f53\u4e0eAPC\u4e0a\u7684\u914d\u4f53B7\u63a5\u5408\u3002CD28\u53d7\u4f53\/ B7\u914d\u4f53\u7ec4\u5408\u6216\u201c\u514d\u75ab\u7a81\u89e6\u201d\u523a\u6fc0T\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u589e\u6b96\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u6d3b\u5316\u7684T\u7ec6\u80de\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec6\u80de\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u80bf\u7624\u7ec6\u80de\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u53d7\u4f53\/\u914d\u4f53\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982PD-1 \/ PD-L1\u548cCTLA-4 \/ B7\u7b49\u3002MHC\u4ee5\u53ca\u53d7\u4f53\/\u914d\u4f53\u6fc0\u6d3bT\u7ec6\u80de\u540e\uff0c\u80bf\u7624\u514d\u75ab\u76d1\u89c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6d88\u706d\u80bf\u7624\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6076\u6027\u7ec6\u80de\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u8eab\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u62db\u52df\u201d\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u7ec6\u80de\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u201c\u80bf\u7624\u5fae\u73af\u5883\u201d\u5e76\u751f\u4ea7\u5404\u79cd\u7ec6\u80de\u56e0\u5b50\u548c\u8d8b\u5316\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u83b7\u5f97\u6210\u529f\u7684\u80bf\u7624\u7ec6\u80de\u80fd\u5c31\u80fd\u9003\u907f\u80bf\u7624\u514d\u75ab\u76d1\u89c6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4fd7\u79f0\u201c\u80bf\u7624\u514d\u75ab\u9003\u9038\u673a\u5236\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u5904\u4e0d\u505a\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002\u8be6\u60c5\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\u80bf\u7624\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1f<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\u672f\u8bed\u201c\u514d\u75ab\u7597\u6cd5\u201d\u5305\u542b\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3e\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/div>\n<div>1. \u7ec6\u80de\u56e0\u5b50\uff08\u751f\u7269\u5e94\u7b54\u4fee\u9970\u5242\uff09<\/div>\n<div>\u7ec6\u80de\u95f4\u7684\u201c\u901a\u8baf\u5458\u201d\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6fc0\u7d20\u6216\u795e\u7ecf\u9012\u8d28\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u53ca\u591a\u80bd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u591a\u79cd\u7ec6\u80de\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ec6\u80de\u95f4\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/div>\n<div>2. \u75ab\u82d7\uff08\u751f\u7269\u5e94\u7b54\u4fee\u9970\u5242\uff09<\/div>\n<div>\u75ab\u82d7\u4e00\u8bcd\u201cvaccine\u201d\u6e90\u81ea\u4e8e\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u00b7\u91d1\u7eb3\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u725b\u75d8\u3002\u201cvacca\u201d\u4e3a\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\uff0c\u610f\u5373\u725b\u3002\u5f53\u4eba\u7c7b\u63a5\u79cd\u725b\u75d8\u540e\uff0c\u80fd\u5bf9\u5929\u82b1\u4ea7\u751f\u6297\u4f53\u3002\u6d3e\u53d1\u53ca\u63a5\u53d7\u75ab\u82d7\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u79f0\u4e3a\u63a5\u79cd\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u53e5\u5b9a\u4e49\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\uff0c\u75ab\u82d7\u662f\u7528\u7ec6\u83cc\u3001\u75c5\u6bd2\u3001\u80bf\u7624\u7ec6\u80de\u7b49\u5236\u6210\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5236\u5242\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u673a\u4f53\u4ea7\u751f\u5bf9\u7279\u75c5\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u3002\u4ece1796\u5e74\uff0c\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u5242\u75ab\u82d7\uff1a\u725b\u75d8\u75ab\u82d7\u5bf9\u6297\u5929\u82b1\u52302012\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u5ba3\u5e03\u6210\u529f\u7814\u53d1\u51faE\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75ab\u82d7\u8d85\u8fc730\u79cd \u3002<\/div>\n<div>3. \u6eb6\u7624\u75c5\u6bd2<\/div>\n<div>\u6eb6\u7624\u75c5\u6bd2\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u65b0\u5174\u7684\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7597\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u751f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\u548c\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u4ea4\u754c\u5904\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u75c5\u6bd2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u57fa\u56e0\u4fee\u9970\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5bf9\u6b63\u5e38\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u6bd2\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u80fd\u591f\u4fb5\u5165\u5e76\u88c2\u89e3\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e27\u5931\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6297\u75c5\u6bd2\u7ec6\u80de\u9632\u5fa1\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u764c\u7ec6\u80de\u30022015\u5e74FDA\u6279\u51c6\u7528\u4e8e\u6cbb\u7597\u665a\u671f\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u6eb6\u7624\u75c5\u6bd2\u662f\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u201cT-VEC\u201d\u7684\u5355\u7eaf\u75b1\u75b9-1\u578b\u75c5\u6bd2\uff08HSV-1\uff09\u3002T-VEC\u76f4\u63a5\u6ce8\u5c04\u5230\u5916\u79d1\u533b\u751f\u65e0\u6cd5\u53bb\u9664\u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/div>\n<div>4. \u8fc7\u7ee7\u6027\u7ec6\u80de\u7597\u6cd5\uff08ACT\uff09<\/div>\n<div>\u8fc7\u7ee7\u6027\u7ec6\u80de\u7597\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u80bf\u7624\u7279\u5f02\u6027T\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u548c\u4f53\u5916\u6269\u589e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8f93\u6ce8\u56de\u764c\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u8033\u719f\u80fd\u8be6\u7684\u8fc7\u7ee7\u6027\u7ec6\u80de\u7597\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5d4c\u5408\u6297\u539f\u53d7\u4f53T\u7ec6\u80de\u2014\u2014CAR-T\u7ec6\u80de\u2014\u2014\u7597\u6cd5\u30022017\u5e74\uff0c\u9996\u4e2aCAR-T\u7ec6\u80de\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0cCTL019(\u5546\u54c1\u540dKymriah)\uff0c\u83b7\u7f8e\u56fdFDA\u6279\u51c6\u7528\u4e8e\u6cbb\u759725\u5c81\u4ee5\u4e0b\u590d\u53d1\u6027\u6216\u96be\u6cbb\u6027B-\u7ec6\u80de\u6025\u6027\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ec6\u80de\u767d\u8840\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684CRISPR\/Cas9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7f16\u8f91\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8e2012\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u62a5\u9053[55]\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u6307\u7ec6\u83cc\u548c\u53e4\u7ec6\u83cc\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u514d\u53d7\u75c5\u6bd2\u548c\u8d28\u7c92\u4fb5\u5165\u6838\u9178\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 2013\u5e74\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u771f\u6838\u7ec6\u80de[56]\uff0c2016\u5e74\u4e0b\u534a\u5e74\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7ec4\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u4eba\u4f53\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528CRISPR\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u7ec6\u80de[57]\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8ba1\u5212\u4e8e2017\u5e74\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u57fa\u56e0\u7f16\u8f91\u7ed9CAR-T\u7597\u6cd5\u5982\u864e\u6dfb\u7ffc\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5229\u7528CRISPR\/Cas9\u57fa\u56e0\u7f16\u8f91\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5bf9\u514d\u75ab\u7ec6\u80de\u8fdb\u884c\u57fa\u56e0\u5de5\u7a0b\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5d4c\u5408\u6297\u539f\u53d7\u4f53\uff08CAR\uff09T \u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>5. \u514d\u75ab\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u5242<\/div>\n<div>\u901a\u4fd7\u5730\u8bb2\uff0c\u514d\u75ab\u7ec6\u80de\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6291\u5236\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u80bf\u7624\u7ec6\u80de\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u6291\u5236\u514d\u75ab\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u4ece\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u9003\u8131\u3002\u514d\u75ab\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u5242\u7c7b\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u53ef\u89e3\u9664\u8fd9\u79cd\u6291\u5236\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8ba9\u514d\u75ab\u7ec6\u80de\u91cd\u65b0\u6fc0\u6d3b\u5e76\u6d88\u706d\u764c\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u8d85\u8fc720\u4e2a\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u5206\u5b50\u5bf9\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5171\u523a\u6fc0\u548c\u5171\u6291\u5236\u3002<\/div>\n<div>1996\u5e74\uff0cLeach\uff0cKrummel\u548cAllison\u62a5\u9053CTLA-4\u963b\u65ad\u5355\u514b\u9686\u6297\u4f53\uff08Mabs\uff09\u53ef\u5728\u52a8\u7269\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u6cbb\u7597\u80bf\u7624[72]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5355\u514b\u9686\u6297\u4f53\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u514d\u75ab\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u5242\u201d\uff08ICIs\uff09\u66dd\u5149\u6bd4\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u68c0\u67e5\u6291\u5236\u5242\u5982PD-1\/PD-L1\u5355\u6297\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u7814\u7a76\u6700\u591a\u7684ICIs\u3002\u539f\u7406\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\">\n<figure class=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/images\/RmFicvQBAkgBQB3wzcmBvCJT3meI48FwQCmJQMG5R8Jygj99quWICdiaKZvm9LOOG6YicxRicqNvky6RQYDa3AF9GQ.png\" alt=\"RmFicvQBAkgBQB3wzcmBvCJT3meI48FwQCmJQMG5R8Jygj99quWICdiaKZvm9LOOG6YicxRicqNvky6RQYDa3AF9GQ\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\u56fe\uff1a\u514d\u75ab\u7597\u6cd5\u836f\u7269PD-1\u6297\u4f53\u7684\u7b80\u8981\u539f\u7406<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>FDA\u5df2\u6279\u51c6\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u5242\u5bf9\u5e94\u53ca\u5176\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u75c7\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u65f6\u9700\u914d\u5408\u76f8\u5173\u57fa\u56e0\u68c0\u6d4b\u7b49\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u8be6\u7ec6\u75c5\u75c7\u5bf9\u5e94\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>Keytruda\uff0c\u6cbb\u7597\u96be\u6cbb\u6027\u7ecf\u5178\u970d\u5947\u91d1\u6dcb\u5df4\u7624\uff08cHL\uff09\u7684\u6210\u4eba\u548c\u513f\u79d1\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u6216\u7ecf\u4e09\u6b21\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6cbb\u7597\u590d\u53d1\u7684\u60a3\u8005\uff09\u3002<\/div>\n<div>Opdivo\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u5207\u9664\u6216\u8f6c\u79fb\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u53caipilimumab\u6cbb\u7597\u540e\u75c5\u60c5\u8fdb\u5c55\u7684BRAF V600E\u7a81\u53d8\u60a3\u8005\u3002<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\u80bf\u7624\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u8fb9\u754c\u548c\u89e6\u89d2<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>1. \u8fb9\u754c\uff1a\u4ece\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5230\u5e8a\u8fb9\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76<\/div>\n<div>\u514d\u75ab\u7597\u6cd5\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u80bf\u7624\u514d\u75ab\u7597\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5448\u73b0\u6307\u6570\u7ea7\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4e2d\u4ee4\u4eba\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u548cFDA\u9646\u7eed\u6279\u51c6\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u4ece\u60a3\u8005\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u9006\u5411\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7814\u7a76\u201d(reverse translational research)\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0e\u901a\u5e38\u671f\u671b\u7684\u201c\u4ece\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5230\u5e8a\u8fb9\u201d\uff08bench to bedside\uff09\u539f\u5219\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e3e\u4f8b\u3002\u540e\u8005\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u6cbb\u7597\u524d\uff0c\u6cbb\u7597\u540e\u548c\u6cbb\u7597\u540e\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fdb\u884c\u9057\u4f20\u3001\u8868\u578b\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u514d\u75ab\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5316\u5b66\u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>2. \u89e6\u89d2\uff1a\u7a81\u53d8\u8d1f\u8377<\/div>\n<div>\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u836f\u7269\u4e0e\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u6bd4\u5982\u514d\u75ab\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u5242\uff08ICIs\uff09\u7ed9\u836f\u7684\u65f6\u673a\uff0c\u4e0e\u80bf\u7624\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u708e\u75c7\u6027\u5fae\u73af\u5883\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u66f4\u591aCD8 + T\u7ec6\u80de\u62b5\u6297\u80bf\u7624\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u5148\u524d\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u5316\u5b66\u7597\u6cd5\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u80bf\u7624\u574f\u6b7b\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u80bf\u7624\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7a81\u53d8\u6570\u76ee\uff08\u201c\u7a81\u53d8\u8d1f\u8377\u201d\uff09\u6709\u5173\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5438\u70df\u7684\u80ba\u764c\u60a3\u8005\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u7a81\u53d8\u8d1f\u8377\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5bf9ICI\u66f4\u52a0\u654f\u611f[58]\u3002\u7ed3\u76f4\u80a0\u764c\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4fDNA\u4fee\u590d\u800c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u7a81\u53d8\/\u9ad8\u65b0\u6297\u539f\u8d1f\u8377\uff0c\u5df2\u88ab\u8bc1\u5b9e\u5bf9ICI\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u53cd\u5e94[59]\u3002<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>3. \u89e6\u89d2\uff1a\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u80a0\u9053\u7ec6\u83cc<\/div>\n<div>\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u80a0\u9053\u7ec6\u83cc\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u732e\u4e2d[60]\uff0c\u7528\u6297PD-1\u6297\u4f53\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\u6027\u9ed1\u7d20\u7624\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u80a0\u9053\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7ec4\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u548c\u7ec4\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u65e0\u54cd\u5e94\u8005\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u548c\u66f4\u9ad8\u4e30\u5ea6\u7684\u7c7b\u6746\u83cc\uff0c\u800c\u54cd\u5e94\u8005\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u548c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u68ad\u83cc\u76ee\u4e30\u5ea6\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u9879\u5bf9\u8f6c\u79fb\u6027\u80be\u7ec6\u80de\u764c\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u63a5\u53d7ICI\u6cbb\u7597\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u63a5\u53d7\u5e7f\u8c31\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u80bf\u7624\u8fdb\u5c55\u66f4\u5feb[61]\u3002<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>4. \u4f8b\u5916\uff1a\u5e76\u975e\u90fd\u662f\u53d7\u4f53\u6216\u914d\u4f53\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f<\/div>\n<div>\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u514d\u75ab\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u6216\u514d\u75ab\u8c03\u8282\u5206\u5b50\u90fd\u91c7\u53d6\u53d7\u4f53\u6216\u914d\u4f53\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u7ec6\u80de\u8868\u8fbe\u4e3a\u6e38\u79bb\u53ef\u6eb6\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u5432\u54da\u80fa2,3-\u53cc\u52a0\u6c27\u9176\uff08IDO1\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u6d3b\u5316\u7684\u5de8\u566c\u7ec6\u80de\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u9176\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u8bb8\u591a\u80bf\u7624\u8fc7\u5ea6\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u8be5\u9176\u8017\u5c3d\u5fae\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u8272\u6c28\u9178\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u5206\u89e3\u4ee3\u8c22\u7269\u72ac\u5c3f\u6c28\u9178\uff0c\u5176\u635f\u5bb3\u7ec6\u80de\u6bd2\u6027T\u7ec6\u80de\u3002<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>5. \u514d\u75ab\u7597\u6cd5\u7684\u201c\u9b54\u529b\u201d\u548c\u6311\u6218<\/div>\n<div>\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u6709\u8bb0\u5fc6\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u80bf\u7624\u53d8\u5f02\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u5217\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u6467\u6bc1\u80bf\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u514d\u75ab\u7597\u6cd5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\u4eca\u540e\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>1\uff09\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u514d\u75ab\u7597\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7597\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u764c\u75c7\u548c\u67d0\u4e9b\u60a3\u8005\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u663e\u8457\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u60a3\u8005\u5219\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u4f5c\u7528\uff1b\u00a0<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>2\uff09\u66fe\u7ecf\u5bf9\u6cbb\u7597\u654f\u611f\u7684\u80bf\u7624\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u5f97\u8010\u836f\u6027\uff1b\u00a0<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>3\uff09\u63a2\u7d22\u5bf9\u5176\u80bf\u7624\u663e\u793a\u5f88\u5c11\u6216\u6ca1\u6709\u514d\u75ab\u5e94\u7b54\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b\u00a0<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>4\uff09\u836f\u7269\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u3002\u4f7f\u7528ICI\u6297\u4f53\u7684\u5178\u578b\u6cbb\u7597\u8d39\u7528\u6bcf\u5e74\u63a5\u8fd1150,000\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u7531FDA\u6279\u51c6\u7528\u4e8e\u665a\u671f\u6216\u4e0d\u80fd\u624b\u672f\u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684ipilimumab\u548cnivolumab\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6cbb\u7597\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u6bcf\u5e74\u82b1\u8d39256,000\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u6839\u636eFDA\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4eff\u5236\u836f\u4ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a3\u8005\u83b7\u5f97\u90e8\u5206\u7f13\u89e3\uff1b\u00a0<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>5\uff09\u514d\u75ab\u7597\u6cd5\u5c1a\u672a\u6210\u4e3a\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u7075\u4e39\u5999\u836f\uff0c\u88ab\u6279\u51c6\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u836f\u7269\u5f80\u5f80\u7528\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee4\u4eba\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ebf\u6cbb\u7597\u3002 \u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u770b\u5230FDA\u57282017\u5e74\u6279\u51c6\u7684\u6297PD-1\u6297\u4f53pembrolizumab\u7528\u4e8e\u6cbb\u7597\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u53ef\u5207\u9664\u6216\u5fae\u536b\u661f\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u9ad8\u6216\u9519\u914d\u4fee\u590d\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u7624\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u9996\u4e2a\u6279\u51c6\u57fa\u4e8e\u5e38\u89c1\u751f\u7269\u6807\u5fd7\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u80bf\u7624\u53d1\u751f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u00a0<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\u9762\u4e34\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u516c\u53f8\u4e5f\u662f\u7eb7\u7eb7\u6295\u5165\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ecePD-1\/PD-L1\u7684\u836f\u7269\u53caCAR-T\u6280\u672f\u7684\u7814\u53d1\u3001\u80bf\u7624\u7cbe\u51c6\u514d\u75ab\u6807\u5fd7\u7269\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u63a2\u7d22\u4e4b\u8def\u4ecd\u7136\u6f2b\u6f2b\u516e\u5176\u4fee\u8fdc\u516e\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u5c1a\u672aPD-1\/PD-L1\u836f\u7269\u7684\u4e0a\u5e02\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u5b9e\u4f53\u7624\u7684CAR-T\u6280\u672f\u4ecd\u7136\u53ea\u6709\u4e2a\u522b1\u671f\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u800c\u80bf\u7624\u514d\u75ab\u6807\u5fd7\u7269\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u66f4\u662f\u4f17\u591a\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6807\u51c6\u53ca\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u4e9f\u9700\u66f4\u591a\u4e34\u5e8a\u79ef\u7d2f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6316\u6398\u3001\u5206\u6790\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\u5c31\u5728\u53bb\u5e74\u768410\u6708\uff0c\u4ec1\u4e1c\u533b\u5b66\uff08\u539f\u8a89\u8861\u57fa\u56e0\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u4e07\u4eba\u80bf\u7624\u514d\u75ab\u65b9\u821f\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u63d0\u51fa\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u57fa\u56e0\u68c0\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u8be5\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u4ece\u6280\u672f\u79ef\u7d2f\u5230\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e34\u5e8a\u8f6c\u5316\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e13\u5bb6\u3001\u836f\u5382\u53ca\u80bf\u7624\u5927\u6570\u636e\u516c\u53f8\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u57fa\u56e0\u6570\u636e\u3001\u4e34\u5e8a\u968f\u8bbf\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u836f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u6253\u9020\u5927\u6570\u636e\u95ed\u73af\u3002\u65e8\u5728\u8fd0\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u53ca\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7fa4\u80bf\u7624\u7cbe\u51c6\u514d\u75ab\u8bca\u7597\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u76f8\u5173\u751f\u7269\u6807\u5fd7\u7269\u3002<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\">\n<figure class=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/images\/RmFicvQBAkgBCbSiblWf7OQliaI3xaKuGFpOsusVmf8icg6F2WviccaGuepcYZ0u0yvuoj599dCsKZYc6oNRibBuKd1A.jpeg\" alt=\"RmFicvQBAkgBCbSiblWf7OQliaI3xaKuGFpOsusVmf8icg6F2WviccaGuepcYZ0u0yvuoj599dCsKZYc6oNRibBuKd1A\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\u636e\u6089\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u65b9\u821f\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u836f\u5382\u5408\u4f5c\u90e8\u5206\u5df2\u7ecf\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u54c8\u5c14\u6ee8\u8a89\u8861\u836f\u4e1a\u80a1\u4efd\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\uff08\u8a89\u8861\u836f\u4e1a\uff09\u7533\u529e\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u7528\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c11\u7c7b\u65b0\u836fGLS-010\u6ce8\u5c04\u6db2\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b63\u5f0f\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u65b9\u6848\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u53d7\u8bd5\u8005\u7684\u80bf\u7624\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u6d4b\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ec1\u4e1c\u533b\u5b66\u5168\u9762\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u68c0\u6d4b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u80c3\u764c\u3001\u98df\u7ba1\u764c\u3001\u809d\u764c\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u764c\u79cd\u76f8\u5173\u6837\u672c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u800c\u4ec1\u4e1c\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u6d77\u5916\u7814\u53d1\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e5f\u5728\u6b63\u5728\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u5339\u5179\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u5927\u6570\u636e\u4e13\u5bb6\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4e00\u6279\u6d77\u5916\u8d44\u6df1\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u4e13\u5bb6\u4e5f\u6b63\u5728\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4e1a\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u671f\u5f85\u80fd\u65e9\u65e5\u770b\u5230\u6570\u636e\u6210\u679c\u5206\u4eab\u3002<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\u626b\u7801\u5173\u6ce8\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u4ec1\u4e1c\u533b\u5b66\uff1a<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\">\n<figure class=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/images\/RmFicvQBAkgBCbSiblWf7OQliaI3xaKuGFp28eUZjtkTEfB8oR9LvsnSiahBAJnbylpkgxBEP744N20yo2Ypz0diblQ.jpeg\" alt=\"RmFicvQBAkgBCbSiblWf7OQliaI3xaKuGFp28eUZjtkTEfB8oR9LvsnSiahBAJnbylpkgxBEP744N20yo2Ypz0diblQ\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\u66f4\u591a\u9605\u8bfb<\/div>\n<div>\u25c6\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzI3NjUzOTM1Mg==&amp;mid=2247487412&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=27835e32e2c2c7c228f8bd0cc2feee2e&amp;chksm=eb72bd03dc0534157be131f5908ca5ccc41c8d10243d9bd5823d2c8d484e6b9f573278eb6140&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" \/>\u8305\u77db\uff1a\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u6211\u6700\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae<\/a><\/div>\n<div>\u25c6\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzI3NjUzOTM1Mg==&amp;mid=2247485383&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=22bdeedf920571050b9fcd20fb65adda&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" \/>\u8981\u505a\u4e07\u4f8b\u80bf\u7624\u7cbe\u51c6\u514d\u75ab\u68c0\u6d4b\u8ba1\u5212 |\u00a0\u4ec1\u4e1c\u533b\u5b66<\/a><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzI3NjUzOTM1Mg==&amp;mid=2247487353&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=f7bbd0e447c2f3ae1bba0b395d33809c&amp;chksm=eb72bdcedc0534d868dac0ebf1a432729d2449f3dd2861f9c36d062085c76466dbf79e65d962&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" \/>\u25c6<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzI3NjUzOTM1Mg==&amp;mid=2247487353&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=f7bbd0e447c2f3ae1bba0b395d33809c&amp;chksm=eb72bdcedc0534d868dac0ebf1a432729d2449f3dd2861f9c36d062085c76466dbf79e65d962&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" \/>\u91d1\u9e3d\uff1a\u521b\u4e1a\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u628a\u5fd7\u540c\u9053\u5408\u7684\u4eba\u805a\u4e00\u8d77\u505a\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e8b<\/a><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzI3NjUzOTM1Mg==&amp;mid=2247487353&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=f7bbd0e447c2f3ae1bba0b395d33809c&amp;chksm=eb72bdcedc0534d868dac0ebf1a432729d2449f3dd2861f9c36d062085c76466dbf79e65d962&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" \/>\u25c6<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzI3NjUzOTM1Mg==&amp;mid=2247487496&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=e772ada9ca9343c608e804352db4b062&amp;chksm=eb72a2bfdc052ba97c567edc8f20a926e2b988034d93c2f50c08649f04e9e20123dbc4d1a545&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" \/>7\u4f4d\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u89e3\u8bfb | \u4eceFDA\u6279\u51c6\u9996\u4e2a\u764c\u75c7\u6d88\u8d39\u7ea7\u57fa\u56e0\u68c0\u6d4b\u770b\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e02\u573a<\/a><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzI3NjUzOTM1Mg==&amp;mid=2247487353&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=f7bbd0e447c2f3ae1bba0b395d33809c&amp;chksm=eb72bdcedc0534d868dac0ebf1a432729d2449f3dd2861f9c36d062085c76466dbf79e65d962&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" \/>\u25c6<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzI3NjUzOTM1Mg==&amp;mid=2247486566&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=b1b569dca753b2ec29afa33797f03547&amp;chksm=eb72bed1dc0537c7be160c05d6eb2421216ffa804390b9a644b5826fd5df9bcda8101de7f185&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" \/>2017\u5e74\u80bf\u7624\u8d5b\u9053\u4f01\u4e1a\u90fd\u5fd9\u4e86\u5565 | \u57fa\u56e0\u884c\u4e1a\u5e74\u5ea6\u76d8\u70b9<\/a><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzI3NjUzOTM1Mg==&amp;mid=2247487212&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=eb777cac45525cc85b37a9bb65b907a6&amp;chksm=eb72bc5bdc05354d20954103276e0dd35481b5f535719f8fad3e4eeb4fe49a7b200cd2239990&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" \/><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzI3NjUzOTM1Mg==&amp;mid=2247487353&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=f7bbd0e447c2f3ae1bba0b395d33809c&amp;chksm=eb72bdcedc0534d868dac0ebf1a432729d2449f3dd2861f9c36d062085c76466dbf79e65d962&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" \/>\u25c6<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzI3NjUzOTM1Mg==&amp;mid=2247487212&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=eb777cac45525cc85b37a9bb65b907a6&amp;chksm=eb72bc5bdc05354d20954103276e0dd35481b5f535719f8fad3e4eeb4fe49a7b200cd2239990&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\" \/>\u6570\u56fd\u5185\u9996\u6b3e\u8bc4\u4ef7\u514d\u75ab\u836f\u7269\u7597\u6548\u7684ctDNA panel<\/a><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/div>\n<div>1.\u00a0http:\/\/news.cnr.cn\/native\/city\/20170802\/t20170802_523881244.shtml<\/div>\n<div>2.\u00a0 \u300a\u764c\u75c7 \u00b7 \u65b0\u77e5\u300b\uff0c\u83e0\u841d\uff08\u674e\u6cbb\u4e2d\uff09\u8457\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2017\u5e74<\/div>\n<div>3. Oiseth et al. Cancer immunotherapy: a brief review of the history, possibilities, and challenges ahead\uff0cJ Cancer Metastasis Treat 2017;3:250-61<\/div>\n<div>4. 4-54\u53f7\u6587\u732e\u9650\u4e8e\u7bc7\u5e45\u4e0d\u7f57\u5217\uff0c\u8bf7\u56de\u590d\u201c400\u201d\u5411\u5c0f\u7f16\u7d22\u53d6\u3002<\/div>\n<div>55.\u00a0Jinek M, Chylinski K, Fonfara I, Hauer M, Doudna JA, Charpentier E. A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity. Science 2012;337:816-21.<\/div>\n<div>56.\u00a0Cong L, Ran FA, Cox D, Lin S, Barretto R, Habib N, Hsu PD, Wu X, Jiang W, Marraffini LA, Zhang F. Multiplex genome engineering using CRISPR\/Cas systems. Science 2013;339:819-23.<\/div>\n<div>57.\u00a0Cyranoski D. CRISPR gene-editing tested in a person for the first time. Nature 2016;539:479.<\/div>\n<div>58. Rizvi NA, Hellmann MD, Snyder A, Kvistborg P, Makarov V, Havel JJ, Lee W, Yuan J, Wong P, Ho TS, Miller ML, Rekhtman N, Moreira AL, Ibrahim F, Bruggeman C, Gasmi B, Zappasodi R, Maeda Y, Sander C, Garon EB, Merghoub T, Wolchok JD, Schumacher TN, Chan TA. Cancer immunology. Mutational landscape determines sensitivity to PD-1 blockade in non-small cell lung cancer. Science 2015;348:124-8.<\/div>\n<div>59.Passardi A, Canale M, Valgiusti M, Ulivi P. Immune checkpoints as a target for colorectal cancer treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2017;18:E1324.<\/div>\n<div>60.Wargo JA, Gopalakrishnan V, Spencer C, Karpinets T, Reuben A, Andrews MC, Tetzlaff MT, Lazar A, Hwu P, Hwu W-J, Glitza IC, Tawbi HA-H, Patel SP, Lee JE, Davies MA, Gershenwald JE, Futreal A, Sharma P, Allison JP, Jenq RR. Association of the diversity and composition of the gut microbiome with responses and survival (PFS) in metastatic melanoma (MM) patients (pts) on anti-PD-1 therapy. J Clin Oncol 2017;35:3008.<\/div>\n<div>61.\u00a0Derosa L, Routy B, Enot D, Baciarello G, Massard C, Loriot Y, Fizazi K, Escudier BJ, Zitvogel L, Albiges L. Impact of antibiotics on outcome in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. J Clin Oncol 2017;35:abstract 462.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\u7f16\u8f91\uff1aMark<\/div>\n<div>\u6821\u5bf9\uff1aCindy<\/div>\n<div>\u5ba1\u6838\uff1a\u5e03\u4e09\u5c11<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\">\n<figure class=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/images\/RmFicvQBAkgB2Wkia2jicswicwcVoFyjgcfggACN9HiaErH4gXdhT1rGjXrGOpcGb2yWwKlF3VO9l7Dz9E2OP70O2iag.gif\" alt=\"RmFicvQBAkgB2Wkia2jicswicwcVoFyjgcfggACN9HiaErH4gXdhT1rGjXrGOpcGb2yWwKlF3VO9l7Dz9E2OP70O2iag\"\/><\/figure><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u5168\u7684\u80bf\u7624\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7597\u7efc\u8ff0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[1851,1882],"class_list":["post-9735","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-thinktank","tag-1851","tag-1882"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9735","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9735"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9735\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14277,"href":"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9735\/revisions\/14277"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9735"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9735"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9735"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}