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\u81f4\u75c5\u5171\u6816\u83cc\u8c31\u662f\u5728\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u83cc\u7fa4\u4e0e\u5065\u5eb7\u5173\u7cfb\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u4f53\u80a0\u9053\u3001\u53e3\u8154\u3001\u76ae\u80a4\u3001\u5987\u5973\u9634\u9053\u7b49\u90e8\u4f4d\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u591a\u79cd\u591a\u6837\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269[3-5]\uff0c\u662f\u673a\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4fdd\u969c\u56e0\u7d20\uff1b\u4e00\u65e6\u5fae\u751f\u6001\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u79cd\u7c7b\u4f1a\u660e\u663e\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5e76\u5bfc\u81f4\u75be\u75c5\u3002<\/div>\n
\u81f4\u75c5\u5171\u6816\u83cc\u8c31\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u75c5\u539f\uff08pathogen\uff09\uff0c\u75c5\u539f\u662f\u6307\u5df2\u7ecf\u660e\u786e\u80fd\u591f\u5f15\u8d77\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7269\u79cd\uff0c\u4f46\u81f4\u75c5\u5171\u6816\u83cc\u8c31\u4e2d\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u5fae\u751f\u6001\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u4e0d\u5bfc\u81f4\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u968f\u7740\u751f\u5883\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0e\u591a\u79cd\u75be\u75c5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7d0a\u4e71\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7fa4\uff0c\u5176\u81f4\u75c5\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u591a\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u56e0\u7d20\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u81f4\u75c5\u5171\u6816\u83cc\u8c31\u53ca\u5176\u81f4\u75c5\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c06\u4e3a\u75be\u75c5\u8bca\u65ad\u3001\u6cbb\u7597\u548c\u9884\u540e\u5224\u5b9a\u5e26\u6765\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ed9\u4fdd\u5065\u5e26\u6765\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/div>\n\n
\n
\"eicZhoGYCfyYEkS0N4BvnM9LB5atajhdgyXm0pojoCbZKJmiaIK6pKUgSwbgXLmDdBVib06UDiahXnPONOVgtAFFfg\"\/<\/figure><\/div>\n\n
\uff08\u56fe4\uff1a\u6768\u745e\u99a5\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u7ecf\u4f5c\u8005\u6388\u6743\u53d1\u5e03\uff09<\/div>\n
4\u3001\u80a0\u80c3\u83cc\u7fa4\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55\u548c\u5c55\u671b<\/div>\n
\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u80a0\u80c3\u83cc\u7fa4\u7d0a\u4e71\u4e0e\u75be\u75c5\u53d1\u751f\u53d1\u5c55\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u706b\u5982\u837c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u81f4\u75c5\u5171\u6816\u83cc\u8c31\u5bfc\u81f4\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u673a\u7406\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8fd8\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u7cbe\u51c6\u6307\u5bfc\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6c34\u5e73[6]\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u4ee5\u7caa\u4fbf\u79fb\u690d\uff08FMT\uff09\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u9ed1\u6d1e\u201d\u5f0f\u8f6c\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3002\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1FMT\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u75be\u75c5\uff08\u5982\u7ed3\u80a0\u708e\u7b49\uff09\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u60f3\u628a\u8be5\u6280\u672f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7528\u4e8e\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u4ecd\u6709\u5f85\u65f6\u65e5\u3002<\/div>\n
\u5df2\u6709\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u7caa\u4fbf\u4e2dFaecalibacteriumprausnitzii\u548cBacteroides\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0b\u964d\u662fInfliximab\u6cbb\u7597CD\u505c\u836f\u540e\u590d\u53d1\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u7269[7]\uff1b\u7caa\u4fbf\u4e2dRuminococcus gnavus, Bacteroides vulgatus\u548cClostridium perfringens\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u53caBlautia\u548cRoseburia\u7684\u6d88\u5931\u662fUC\u8fdb\u884c\u56de\u80a0\u8d2e\u888b\u809b\u7ba1\u543b\u5408\u672f\uff08IPAA\uff09\u5e76\u53d1\u7ed3\u80a0\u888b\u708e\u7684\u9ad8\u5371\u56e0\u7d20[8]\uff1bIpilimumab\u6297\u80bf\u7624\u6cbb\u7597\u6548\u679c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8eBacteroides\u7684\u5b58\u5728[9]\uff1bPeptostreptococcusanaerobius\u5728\u7ed3\u80a0\u764c\u60a3\u8005\u7caa\u4fbf\u4e2d\u5bcc\u96c6\uff0c\u52a8\u7269\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u8bf1\u5bfc\u5c0f\u9f20\u7684\u7ed3\u80a0\u764c[10]\u3002<\/div>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u62a5\u9053\u4e3a\u81f4\u75c5\u5171\u6816\u83cc\u8c31\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e94\u7528\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u66d9\u5149\uff0c\u80a0\u9053\u83cc\u7fa4\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u7684\u9633\u5149\u666e\u7167\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u9759\u5fc3\u7814\u7a76\u80a0\u9053\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u5bbf\u4e3b\u53ca\u5176\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u81f4\u75c5\u5171\u6816\u83cc\u8c31\u7684\u81f4\u75c5\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/div>\n
\uff081\uff09\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6280\u672f\u5e73\u53f0\u6807\u51c6\u5316\uff1b<\/div>\n
\uff082\uff0916SrRNA\u57fa\u56e0\u6d4b\u5e8f\u5230\u5168\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6d4b\u5e8f\uff1b<\/div>\n
\uff083\uff09\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ca\u5176\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0e\u75be\u75c5\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7ec4\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff1b<\/div>\n
\uff084\uff09\u80a0\u9053\u7caa\u4fbf\u7ec6\u83cc\u5230\u7c98\u819c\u7c98\u9644\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff1b<\/div>\n
\uff085\uff09\u4ece\u6d4b\u5e8f\u5206\u6790\u5230\u7ec6\u83cc\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u7ec4\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff1b<\/div>\n
\uff086\uff09\u4ece\u76ee\u524d\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u7ec6\u83cc\u4e3a\u4e3b\u62d3\u5c55\u5230\u53e4\u751f\u83cc\u3001\u75c5\u6bd2\u548c\u771f\u83cc\u7b49\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff1b<\/div>\n
\uff087\uff09\u4ece\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e0e\u75be\u75c5\u5173\u8054\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8981\u6df1\u5165\u5230\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e2a\u4f53\u5dee\u5f02\u4e0e\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff1b<\/div>\n
\uff088\uff09\u83cc\u7fa4\u95f4\u4e92\u4f5c\u53ca\u5176\u4e0e\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7684\u4e92\u4f5c\uff08\u4e0e\u5bbf\u4e3b\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u7cfb\uff09\uff1b<\/div>\n
\uff089\uff09\u4eba\u4f53\u591a\u90e8\u4f4d\u83cc\u7fa4\u4e0e\u75be\u75c5\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u7814\u7a76\uff1b<\/div>\n
\uff0810\uff09\u4ece\u76ee\u524d\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5230\u8f6c\u5f55\u7ec4\u3001\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7ec4\u548c\u4ee3\u8c22\u7ec4\u7684\u6574\u5408\u7814\u7a76\uff1b<\/div>\n
\uff0811\uff09\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7fa4\u843d\u4e0e\u4eba\u4f53\u57fa\u56e0\u3001\u86cb\u767d\u3001\u8f6c\u5f55\u6570\u636e\u3001\u8868\u578b\u6570\u636e\u6574\u5408\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/div>\n
\u671f\u5f85\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u83cc\u7fa4\u4e0e\u75be\u75c5\u5173\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u540c\u884c\u4eec\u9f50\u5fc3\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u63a8\u52a8\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c2016\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u548c\u79e6\u6960\u535a\u58eb\u5171\u540c\u7275\u5934\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7ec4\u521b\u65b0\u521b\u4e1a\u8005\u534f\u4f1a\u3002<\/div>\n
\u300a2017\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c4a\uff09\u4eba\u4f53\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7ec4\u521b\u65b0\u672a\u6765\u8005\u5927\u4f1a\u300b6\u67083\u65e5-6\u67084\u65e5\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u4e3b\u529e\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u53c2\u52a0\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u65e5\u7a0b\u548c\u62a5\u540d\u65b9\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/div>\n\n
\n
\"eicZhoGYCfyZ5I7OHAqeYqRbyqPW5LHFRtbEFWh7tkFAAicYPg8fcQUSyB4KwmJibT5E1j0MYDoPCCly15iaVQW9Ng\"\/<\/figure><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n
\n\n
\n
\"eicZhoGYCfyZ5I7OHAqeYqRbyqPW5LHFRLRrC7CzKw3U0Sk6OW8vEMiaPKg1BnxvJYzbxaMG8oDBXocjnFaTWSZA\"\/<\/figure><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n
\n\n
\n
\"eicZhoGYCfyZ5I7OHAqeYqRbyqPW5LHFRicH7ycNGCnP4l7ibzYHicF1ZfLntXBASI54aOztVA5OU40m5utBYwl3eQ\"\/<\/figure><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n
\n\n
\n
\"eicZhoGYCfyZ5I7OHAqeYqRbyqPW5LHFRQTsDOcyVkOxc40Ks7jN2LIW2ZR77SoKwAm87hEopplJC408U51gE3w\"\/<\/figure><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
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\u53c2\u4f1a\u8d39\uff1a\u5355\u4eba\u79681200\u5143\/\u4eba\uff1b\u56e2\u4f53\u79681000\u5143\/\u4eba\uff08\u22653\u4eba\uff09<\/div>\n
\u5927\u4f1a\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2017\u5e746\u67083\u65e5-6\u67084\u65e5<\/div>\n
\u4f1a\u8bae\u5730\u70b9\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u00b7\u7ef4\u666f\u56fd\u9645\u5927\u9152\u5e97\uff08\u671d\u9633\u533a\u5317\u4e09\u73af\u4e1c\u8def2\u53f7\uff09<\/div>\n
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\u957f\u6309\u4e0b\u5217\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801\u62a5\u540d\uff1a<\/div>\n
\n\n
\n
\"eicZhoGYCfyYEkS0N4BvnM9LB5atajhdgibYic3mussiaEy4kOcr7SKB91UI3tgohNTs8WyrSqehmeIKXG2aMS3Vrw\"\/<\/figure><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n
\n
\"eicZhoGYCfyZpCvGOUkGmQQUnibsJj8Eb0GrExNcSW0JL6D6pbVueK6rn91rgqIia6BW35lHoz7hfickW24iaLWiabjQ\"\/<\/figure><\/div>\n\n
Hello\uff0c\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec<\/div>\n
\u626b\u7801\u62a5\u540d\u5427\uff01<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
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\u96c6\u8d24\u4ee4<\/div>\n
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\u57fa\u56e0\u6167\uff08\u5317\u4eac\u3001\u6df1\u5733\uff09\u6b22\u8fce\u60a8\uff1a<\/div>\n
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\n
\"eicZhoGYCfybicPDiaSoHE0xB6ckGRJg5KYr8spaR1uuU1NFiabRBVojIy6Ypsf9XObB0sn87KIHmWhEgl57G0c4hQ\"\/<\/figure><\/div>\n\n
\u5546\u52a1\u62d3\u5c55\uff08BD\uff09<\/div>\n
1. \u5177\u6709\u521b\u4e1a\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u517c\u5907\u6bc5\u529b\u548c\u97e7\u6027\uff1b<\/div>\n
2. \u672c\u79d1\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b66\u5386\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u3001\u533b\u836f\u76f8\u5173\u4e13\u4e1a\u4f18\u5148\uff0c\u4e24\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a\u884c\u4e1a\u76f8\u5173\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff1b<\/div>\n
3. \u5584\u4e8e\u6c9f\u901a\u4e0e\u8c08\u5224\u3002<\/div>\n
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\n
\"eicZhoGYCfybicPDiaSoHE0xB6ckGRJg5KY67UdEhERapQUPxFrEfQmW38eM1eF1G9HnAyFGZ7NZN8MMrCS8uHRAA\"\/<\/figure><\/div>\n\n
<\/div>\n
\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4ea7\u54c1\u8fd0\u8425<\/div>\n
1. \u5177\u6709\u521b\u4e1a\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u517c\u5907\u6bc5\u529b\u548c\u97e7\u6027\uff1b<\/div>\n
2. \u672c\u79d1\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b66\u5386\uff0c\u4e24\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fd0\u8425\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u533b\u7597\u884c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8005\u4f18\u5148\uff1b<\/div>\n
3. \u601d\u7ef4\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e02\u573a\u654f\u611f\u3001\u719f\u8c19\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5fc3\u7406\u3002<\/div>\n
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1. \u6bd5\u7389\u6676, \u6768\u745e\u99a5: \u81f4\u75c5\u5171\u6816\u83cc\u8c31. \u4e2d\u534e\u9884\u9632\u533b\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7 2017, 51(4):352.<\/div>\n
2. Lynch SV, Pedersen O: The Human Intestinal Microbiome in Healthand Disease. N Engl J M 2016, 375:2369-2379.<\/div>\n
3. Devkota S, Chang EB: Diet-induced expansion of pathobionts inexperimental colitis: implications for tailored therapies. Gut Microbes 2013, 4(2):172-174.<\/div>\n
4. Wagner VE, Dey N, Guruge J, Hsiao A,Ahern PP, Semenkovich NP, Blanton LV, Cheng J, Griffin N, Stappenbeck TS et al: Effects of a gut pathobiont in a gnotobiotic mouse model of childhoodundernutrition. Sci Transl Med 2016,8(366):366ra164.<\/div>\n
5. Arimatsu K, Yamada H, Miyazawa H,Minagawa T, Nakajima M, Ryder MI, Gotoh K, Motooka D, Nakamura S, Iida T et al: Oral pathobiont induces systemic inflammation and metabolic changesassociated with alteration of gut microbiota. Sci Rep 2014, 4:4828.<\/div>\n
6. Koboziev I, Reinoso Webb C, Furr KL,Grisham MB: Role of the entericmicrobiota in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 2014, 68:122-133.<\/div>\n
7. Rajca S, Grondin V, Louis E,Vernier-Massouille G, Grimaud JC, Bouhnik Y, Laharie D, Dupas JL, Pillant H,Picon L et al: Alterations in the intestinal microbiome (dysbiosis) as a predictor ofrelapse after infliximab withdrawal in Crohn’s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2014, 20(6):978-986.<\/div>\n
8. Machiels K, Sabino J, Vandermosten L,Joossens M, Arijs I, de Bruyn M, Eeckhaut V, Van Assche G, Ferrante M,Verhaegen J et al: Specific members of the predominant gutmicrobiota predict pouchitis following colectomy and IPAA in UC. Gut 2017, 66(1):79-88.<\/div>\n
9. Vetizou M, Pitt JM, Daillere R, LepageP, Waldschmitt N, Flament C, Rusakiewicz S, Routy B, Roberti MP, Duong CP et al: Anticancer immunotherapy by CTLA-4 blockade relies on the gutmicrobiota. Science 2015, 350(6264):1079-1084.<\/div>\n
10. Tsoi H, Chu ESH, Zhang X, Sheng J,Nakatsu G, Ng SC, Chan AWH, Chan FKL, Sung JJY, Yu J: Peptostreptococcus anaerobius Induces Intracellular CholesterolBiosynthesis in Colon Cells to Induce Proliferation and Causes Dysplasia inMice. Gastroenterology 2017, 152(6):1419-1433 e1415.<\/div>\n
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