\n![\"RmFicvQBAkgDEsUia5jbfibMgeRrNibH1ns0NaxVdCMqRl9Bcn0geKXKbn4CByInShB9u6lDPnKmK1nhKxqqiaRaUzQ\"\/](\"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/images\/RmFicvQBAkgDEsUia5jbfibMgeRrNibH1ns0NaxVdCMqRl9Bcn0geKXKbn4CByInShB9u6lDPnKmK1nhKxqqiaRaUzQ.gif\")
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff1aDNA\u6d4b\u5e8f \u884c\u4e1a\u5c55\u671b<\/div>\n
\u7528\u65f6\uff1a\u7ea63\u5206\u949f<\/div>\n
\u6765\u6e90\uff1aNature |\u00a0\u7f16\u8005\uff1a\u5c18\u7070&Cindy\u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0\u00a0\u6821\u5bf9\uff1a\u8292\u679c<\/div>\n
40\u5e74\u524d\uff0cSanger DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bde\u751f\uff1b31\u5e74\u524d\uff0cABI\u63a8\u51fa\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u6bdb\u7ec6\u7ba1\u5206\u6790\u6d4b\u5e8f\u4eea\uff08310\u578b\uff09\uff1b11\u5e74\u524d\uff0cIllumina\u6536\u8d2dSolexa\uff0c\u6b21\u5e74Roche\u6536\u8d2d454\uff0c3\u5e74\u540eBGI\u5357\u4e0b\u6df1\u5733\uff0c\u4e00\u4e3e\u8d2d\u5f97128\u53f0\u4e8c\u4ee3\u6d4b\u5e8f\u4eeaHiseq 2000\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u56fd\u5185\u57fa\u56e0\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5316\u5927\u5e55\u3002<\/div>\n
\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5316\uff0c\u8fdb\u51652017\u5e74\u4ea7\u4e1a\u8d5b\u9053\u5e03\u5c40\u6210\u719f\u671f\u548c\u8d44\u672c\u5316\u524d\u671f\uff0c\u4ece\u6280\u672f\u9a71\u52a8\u8f6c\u5411\u5e94\u7528\u9a71\u52a8\u3002\u6070\u9022\u5176\u65f6\uff0c\u300aNature\u300b\u8fde\u53d1\u4e24\u6587\uff0c\u7ec6\u6570DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u768440\u5e74\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u672a\u6765\u5c55\u671b\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5305\u62ecNIH\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u4eba\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6240\u957fEric D. Green\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u5dde\u9996\u5e2d\u79d1\u5b66\u5b98Edward M. Rubin\u4ee5\u53ca\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u79d1\u5b66\u8363\u8a89\u6559\u6388Maynard V. Olson\u3002\u57fa\u56e0\u6167\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6574\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f9b\u540c\u4ec1\u53c2\u8003\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u7559\u8a00\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
1\u3001DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55<\/div>\n
DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u8303\u56f4\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/div>\n
1977\u5e74Sanger\u6d4b\u5e8f\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bde\u751f\uff0c1990\u5e74ABI\u63a8\u51fa\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u6bdb\u7ec6\u7ba1\u5206\u6790\u6d4b\u5e8f\u4eea\uff08310\u578b\uff09\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e5d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u534a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6bdb\u7ec6\u7ba1\u7535\u6cf3Sanger\u6d4b\u5e8f\u3002\uff08\u7f16\u8005\u8865\u5145\uff1a2007\u5e74ABI\u63a8\u51faSOLiD\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u6d4b\u5e8f\u5e73\u53f0\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u901a\u91cf\uff0c2008\u5e74 Helicos BiosSciences\u63a8\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u5355\u5206\u5b50\u6d4b\u5e8f\u4eea\u6253\u7834\u77ed\u7247\u6bb5\u8bfb\u957f\u7684\u5c40\u9650\uff0c2010\u5e74Illumina\u53d1\u5e03Hiseq 2000\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u964d\u4f4e\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6210\u672c\uff0c2012\u5e74Oxford Nanopore\u53d1\u5e03MinIon\u624b\u6301\u6d4b\u5e8f\u4eea\uff0c\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6280\u672f\u53ca\u5176\u5e73\u53f0\u53d1\u5c55\u9010\u6e10\u5728\u6548\u7387\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u4e0a\u4e0d\u65ad\u7a81\u7834\uff09\u3002<\/div>\n\n
\n![\"RmFicvQBAkgCF0vVFibujaxLFwI7eJxcBH80FBY4tDdmJ0ug0kabuKibsqnNc0YIZsmoaaQiaQGOfmXx5ib54mrsicBg\"\/](\"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/images\/RmFicvQBAkgCF0vVFibujaxLFwI7eJxcBH80FBY4tDdmJ0ug0kabuKibsqnNc0YIZsmoaaQiaQGOfmXx5ib54mrsicBg.png\")
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\uff08\u56fe\uff1a\u5386\u4ee3\u6d4b\u5e8f\u4eea\u6bd4\u5bf9\uff0c\u6392\u540d\u4e0d\u5206\u5148\u540e\uff0c\u56fe\u6388\u6743\u5f15\u7528\u81ea\u534e\u5927\u667a\u9020\uff09<\/div>\n
\u5982\u679cDNA\u5e8f\u5217\u662f\u968f\u673a\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u4efb\u610f\u5927\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ec5\u57fa\u4e8e\u7247\u6bb5\u91cd\u53e0\u7ec4\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u968f\u673a\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u91cd\u590d\u5e8f\u5217\u548c\u6280\u672f\u504f\u5dee\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5355\u72ec\u4ece\u5343\u78b1\u57fa\u7ea7\u8bfb\u53d6\u83b7\u5f97\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5927\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u88c5\u914d\u3002\u9700\u8981\u9644\u52a0\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/div>\n
\u57fa\u4e8e\u9057\u4f20\u591a\u6001\u6027\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u56fe\u8c31\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5173\u4e8e\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u6b63\u4ea4\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/div>\n
BAC\u88ab\u514b\u9686\u7684\u7269\u7406\u56fe\u8c31\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u9176\u201c\u6307\u7eb9\u56fe\u8c31\u201d\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u91cd\u53e0\u5e76\u6392\u5217\u6210\u8de8\u8d8a\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7684\u201c\u5e73\u94fa\u8def\u5f84\u201d\u3002\u514b\u9686\u88ab\u5355\u72ec\u9730\u5f39\u67aa\u6d4b\u5e8f\u548c\u7ec4\u88c5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f7c\u6b64\u9694\u79bb\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u7ec4\u88c5\u3002<\/div>\n
\u7531Ansorge\u4e8e1990\u5e74\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u914d\u5bf9\u5e8f\u5217\u6d4b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5df2\u77e5\u957f\u5ea6\u7684DNA\u7247\u6bb5\u7684\u4e24\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8fde\u63a5\u90a3\u4e9b\u672b\u7aef\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7684\u5927\u7247\u6bb5\u514b\u9686\u5230\u7ec6\u83cc\u4eba\u9020\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\uff08BAC\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7684\u6d4b\u5e8f\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6548\u7387\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u662f\uff1a<\/div>\n
\u4ece\u67d3\u6599\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u5f15\u7269\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u67d3\u6599\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u5b50\uff0c\u5176\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u56db\u4e2a\u6d4b\u5e8f\u53cd\u5e94\uff1b<\/div>\n
\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u63ba\u5165\u67d3\u6599\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u5b50\u7684\u7a81\u53d8T7DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176\uff1b<\/div>\n
\u7ebf\u6027\u6269\u589e\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u6a21\u677f\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u5c0f\u578b\u5316\uff1b<\/div>\n
\u57fa\u4e8e\u78c1\u73e0\u7684DNA\u7eaf\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1b<\/div>\n
\u5bf9\u53cc\u94feDNA\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u5e8f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u8d28\u7c92\u514b\u9686\u5e76\u56e0\u6b64\u4f7f\u7528\u914d\u5bf9\u672b\u7aef\u6d4b\u5e8f\uff1b<\/div>\n
\u6bdb\u7ec6\u7ba1\u7535\u6cf3\uff0c\u6d88\u9664\u51dd\u80f6\u7684\u6ce8\u5165\u548c\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u8367\u5149\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\uff1b<\/div>\n
\u91c7\u7528\u5de5\u4e1a\u6d41\u7a0b\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u5e76\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
2\u3001DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e94\u7528<\/div>\n
\u6d4b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e94\u7528\u8981\u6c42\u5927\u5927\u8d85\u8fc7\u76ee\u524d\u5bf9\u9057\u4f20\u53d8\u5f02\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u5b66\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u63a5\u53d7\u5168\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6d4b\u5e8f\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u5728\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e0a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff1a<\/div>\n
\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u764c\u75c7\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7a81\u53d8\u5bf9\u9776\u5411\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff1b<\/div>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u80bf\u7624\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u7ec6\u80de\u6216\u65e0\u7ec6\u80deDNA\u7684\u6d4b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u65e0\u521b\u8bca\u65ad\u6216\u76d1\u6d4b;<\/div>\n
\u9274\u5b9a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u4e2a\u4eba\u75ab\u82d7\u201d\u65b0\u751f\u513f\u7684\u764c\u75c7\u7279\u5f02\u6027\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\u5176\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e34\u5e8a\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u65e0\u521b\u4ea7\u524d\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u6bcf\u5e74\u5927\u7ea6\u6709\u56db\u767e\u4e07\u5230\u516d\u767e\u4e07\u5b55\u5987\u6b63\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u5916\u5468\u8840\u6e38\u79bbDNA\u5bf9\u80ce\u513f\u768421\u4e09\u4f53\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u8fdb\u884c\u8bca\u65ad\uff08\u7f16\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6bd4\u8f83\u4fdd\u5b88\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6839\u636e\u516c\u5f00\u8d44\u6599\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u4e24\u5927\u4e0a\u5e02\u516c\u53f8\uff1aBGI\u7684\u65e0\u521b\u4ea7\u524d\u68c0\u6d4b\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u8fbe200\u4e07\u4efd\uff1b\u8d1d\u745e\u57fa\u56e0\u8fd1100\u4e07\u4efd\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u5341\u5e74\u4e4b\u5185\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5c06\u8d85\u8fc71500\u4e07\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\u5206\u5b50\u6807\u5fd7\u7269\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u63a8\u51fa\u65b0\u65e0\u521b\u7684\u3001\u6613\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3001\u5bf9DNA\u6d53\u5ea6\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/div>\n
DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u4e5f\u52a0\u6df1\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u764c\u75c7\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u764c\u75c7\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u9057\u4f20\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5b50\u5206\u578b\u751a\u81f3\u764c\u75c7\u75ab\u82d7\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5728\u80bf\u7624\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u6295\u5165\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u7528\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u6db2\u4f53\u6d3b\u68c0\u3002\u4e0d\u96be\u60f3\u8c61\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u764c\u75c7\u68c0\u6d4b\u6210\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u7b5b\u9009\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u50cfPap\u6d82\u7247\u548c\u7ed3\u80a0\u955c\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7a81\u53d8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u80bf\u7624\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6db2\u4f53\u6d3b\u68c0\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5bfc\u5e72\u9884\u548c\u6cbb\u7597\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
3\u3001\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u6548\u76ca\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u9700\u6c42\u4e0a\u5347<\/div>\n
DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u884c\u4e1a\u5c06\u50cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u6444\u5f71\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6280\u672f\u8fed\u4ee3\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u4fbf\u5b9c\u3001\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u5c06\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u9700\u6c42\u5c06\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u4ece\u79d1\u7814\u5e02\u573a\u8fdb\u5165\u4e34\u5e8a\u3001\u6d88\u8d39\u7ea7\u5e02\u573a\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u201c\u4f9b\u5e94\u8d8a\u591a\u5219\u9700\u6c42\u8d8a\u591a\u201d\u3002<\/div>\n\n
\n![\"RmFicvQBAkgCF0vVFibujaxLFwI7eJxcBH3QSrDyKwnXKMtKPVH7eGOEwDuiapM3sQJ6HGla5VufcMasGGk9nQfAQ\"\/](\"https:\/\/www.geneclub.net.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/images\/RmFicvQBAkgCF0vVFibujaxLFwI7eJxcBH3QSrDyKwnXKMtKPVH7eGOEwDuiapM3sQJ6HGla5VufcMasGGk9nQfAQ.png\")
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<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\u56fe\uff1aDNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4fbf\u5b9c\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u548c\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u30022015\u5e74\u5168\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6d4b\u5e8f\uff08WGS\uff09\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u4e8e1500\u7f8e\u5143\uff08\u7f16\u8005\uff1aBGI\u7684WGS\u6700\u65b0\u4ef7\u683c600\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u6765\u81ea\u56fd\u5bb6\u4eba\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/div>\n
20\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u5e8f\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4ee4\u4eba\u671b\u800c\u751f\u754f\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u5e0c\u671b\u4e3a\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4eba\uff08\u548c\u751f\u7269\uff09\u63d0\u4f9bDNA\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d1\u80b2\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u75be\u75c5\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u5206\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u8fdb\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u6b63\u5728\u5bfb\u6c42\u5206\u6790\u6240\u6709\u751f\u7269\uff08\u548c\u706d\u7edd\uff09\u7269\u79cd\u751a\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u3002<\/div>\n
\u663e\u7136\u76ee\u524d\u5bf9DNA\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u6790\u548c\u89e3\u8bfb\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6b63\u5728\u663e\u8457\u6539\u5584\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u9884\u6d4b\u5927\u91cfDNA\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0e\u8868\u578b\u4fe1\u606f\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u5c06\u4f7f\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\uff08\u66f4\u52a0\u7cbe\u51c6\u5730\uff09\u63a8\u65ad\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5e8f\u5217\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
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\u968f\u7740\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u66f4\u4fbf\u5b9c\u3001\u66f4\u5feb\u548c\u66f4\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\uff0cDNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u533b\u7597\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u624b\u6301\u5f0fDNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u4eea\u7684\u9762\u4e16\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u591a\u60f3\u8c61\uff0c\u62d3\u5c55\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/div>\n
\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u504f\u8fdc\u7684\u5c71\u533a\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u624b\u6301DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u4eea\uff09\u68c0\u6d4b\u7a7a\u6c14\uff0c\u6c34\uff0c\u98df\u7269\u548c\u52a8\u7269\u548c\u6606\u866b\u75c5\u539f\u8f7d\u4f53\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1b<\/div>\n
\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u4e13\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u57ce\u5e02\u5783\u573e\u4e2d\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7684DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6765\u8f85\u52a9\u9884\u9632\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u4f20\u67d3\u6027\u75be\u75c5\uff1b<\/div>\n
\u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u901a\u8fc7\u5b8f\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u5b66\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u6765\u76d1\u6d4b\u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u6001\u5065\u5eb7\uff08\u7f16\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d77\u6d0b\u52a8\u690d\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u80b2\u79cd\uff09\uff1b<\/div>\n
\u6cd5\u533b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cd5\u533b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e4b\u5916\u901a\u8fc7DNA\u68c0\u6d4b\u786e\u5b9a\u5acc\u7591\u4eba\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u9152\u7cbe\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u4fbf\u6377\u5de5\u5177\uff1b<\/div>\n
\u5728\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u91cc\uff0cDNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u4eea\u6216\u8005\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u667a\u80fd\u8bbe\u5907\u6216\u8fde\u63a5\u5165\u53e3\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
5\u3001DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u7684\u6311\u6218\u548c\u5c55\u671b<\/div>\n
\u8fc7\u53bb\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5bf9DNA\u5206\u5b50\u6570\u636e\u7684\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u6838\u5fc3\u53ca\u6311\u6218\u9010\u6e10\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5143\u4fe1\u606f\uff08meta-information) \u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u6db5\u76d6\u767e\u4e07\u4eba\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u5305\u62ec\u533b\u7597\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u624d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e0a\u5bf9\u5143\u4fe1\u606f\u89e3\u8bfb\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u662fDNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u7cbe\u51c6\u533b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u751f\u7269\u94f6\u884c\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u673a\u6784\uff08\u7f16\u8005\uff1a\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u90e8\u7cbe\u51c6\u533b\u5b66\u8ba1\u5212\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u57fa\u56e0\u5e93\u7b49\uff09\u90fd\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7740\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/div>\n
\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u89c1\u8bc6\u5230\uff0cDNA\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u50a8\u4ecb\u8d28\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8GIF\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u5b58\u8d2e\u4e8e\u786c\u76d8\u6216\u4e91\u7aef\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u5728DNA\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5929\u7136\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u8f7d\u4f53\uff1bDNA\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u901a\u8fc7\u751f\u7269\u7279\u6027\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u7535\u5b50\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5df2\u89c1\u96cf\u5f62\u3002\u672a\u6765\u5bf9DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u518d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u610f\u5473\u7740\u533b\u7597\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u751f\u7269\u52a0\u4e0a\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7f8e\u5999\u878d\u5408\u3002<\/div>\n
\u3010\u7f16\u8005\u6ce8\u3011\u968f\u7740DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u57fa\u56e0\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5316\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u62d3\u5c55\uff0c\u5e26\u9886\u751f\u547d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u817e\u98de\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u5b57\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002\u4ece\u79d1\u7814\u6295\u5165\u3001\u6280\u672f\u8f6c\u5316\u3001\u8d44\u672c\u6ce8\u5165\u548c\u4ea7\u5b66\u7814\u8d44\u653f\u7684\u591a\u65b9\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u57fa\u56e0\u4ea7\u4e1a\u8fdb\u5165\u9ec4\u91d1\u5341\u5e74\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u671f\u5f85\u4ee5\u57fa\u56e0\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6280\u672f\u4e3a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5065\u5eb7\u4ea7\u4e1a\uff0c\u5c06\u751f\u7269\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u533b\u7597\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4fa7\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7ed9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7b49\u65b0\u5174\u6280\u672f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f18\u8d28\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u5bf9\u539f\u6709\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5347\u7ea7\u548c\u65b0\u5174\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6574\u5408\uff0c\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ea7\u4e1a\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u521b\u4e1a\u548c\u589e\u957f\u7684\u6e90\u6cc9\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a<\/div>\n
1.\u00a0 The future of DNA sequencing\uff0cEric D. Green et. al\uff0cNature, 11 October 2017<\/div>\n
2.\u00a0 DNA sequencing at 40: past, present and future,\u00a0Jay Shendure et. al, Nature, 2017<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\u884c\u7814\u54a8\u8be2<\/div>\n
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\u00a0\u660e\u65e5\u4e4b\u661f\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u534e\u5927\u57fa\u56e0<\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0illumina<\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0\u8d1d\u745e\u57fa\u56e0<\/a>\u00a0 |\u00a0\u00a0Embark<\/a>\u00a0 |\u00a0\u00a0Veritas<\/a>\u00a0 |\u00a023andMe<\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0Celularity<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0|\u00a0Helix<\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0\u8a89\u8861\u57fa\u56e0<\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0GeneDock<\/a>\u00a0| \u00a0iGeneTech<\/a><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
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